Rainwater Harvesting and Conversion to Drinking Water in an Australian Town

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Process Diagram

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The diagram below shows how rainwater is collected and converted to drinking water in an Australian town. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the picture below.

Common Questions for Diagram Data

1. Diagram Type: Process diagram.

2. Title: Rainwater Harvesting and Conversion to Drinking Water in an Australian Town.

3. What is being described?: The process of collecting and converting rainwater into drinking water.

4. Where is this process happening?: In an Australian town.

5. What is the process?: Collection, filtration, chemical treatment, and delivery to homes.

6. Topic: Water collection and purification for drinking.

Comparison Showing and Trends

The process starts with rainwater being collected from the houses and sent to a water filter for impurity removal.
After filtration, the water is stored in a tank before being sent to a treatment plant, where chemicals are added to purify it.
The treated water is then sent back to homes, making it safe for consumption.

Sample Answer

The given diagram outlines the process of rainwater collection and conversion into drinking water in an Australian town. The process involves several key stages, starting with the collection of rainwater from households.

Overall, this diagram highlights a straightforward and effective system where rainwater is efficiently filtered, treated, and converted into drinking water, ensuring that no rainwater is wasted in the Australian town.

First, the rainwater is collected and sent through drains to a water filter. The filtration stage removes impurities from the water, making it cleaner. Next, the water is stored in a tank before being sent to a treatment plant.

At the treatment plant, chemicals are added to the water, making it free from germs and safe for consumption. Once the treatment is complete, the potable water is distributed back to the households for drinking.

Top 25 Vocabulary

Vocabulary	Meaning	Synonyms	Examples	Vocabulary Type
Collection	The act of gathering or accumulating something	Gathering, accumulation	“The first step is the collection of rainwater from households.”	Noun
Filter	A device or process used to remove impurities	Strainer, purifier	“The water passes through a filter to remove any debris.”	Noun/Verb
Impurities	Substances that contaminate or make something unclean	Contaminants, pollutants	“The filter removes impurities such as dirt and debris from the water.”	Noun
Stored	To keep or accumulate something for future use	Reserved, kept	“The water is stored in a tank before being treated.”	Verb
Tank	A large container used for holding liquids	Reservoir, container	“The filtered rainwater is stored in a large tank.”	Noun
Treatment	The process of improving or purifying something	Purification, refining	“The water undergoes treatment to make it safe for consumption.”	Noun
Chemicals	Substances used to alter the properties of water for purification	Compounds, substances	“Chemicals are added at the treatment plant to clean the water.”	Noun
Germs	Microorganisms, often harmful, that can cause illness	Bacteria, microbes	“The chemical treatment eliminates any harmful germs in the water.”	Noun
Disinfected	Made clean and free from harmful bacteria	Sterilized, sanitized	“The water is disinfected before being released for use.”	Adjective
Potable	Suitable or safe for drinking	Drinkable, consumable	“Once treated, the water becomes potable and safe for household use.”	Adjective
Consumption	The act of using or ingesting something	Ingestion, intake	“The treated water is ready for consumption by households.”	Noun
Process	A series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular result	Procedure, method	“The rainwater collection process involves multiple stages.”	Noun
Conversion	The act of changing something from one form to another	Transformation, change	“The rainwater is converted into drinking water after treatment.”	Noun
Flow	The movement of liquid in a particular direction	Stream, current	“The water flows from the household drains into the filtration system.”	Noun/Verb
Pipeline	A system of pipes used to transport liquids or gases	Conduit, channel	“The water is transported through pipelines to the treatment plant.”	Noun
Sanitation	The process of maintaining cleanliness and hygiene	Hygiene, cleanliness	“Sanitation procedures ensure that the water is safe for drinking.”	Noun
Pollution	The presence of harmful substances in the environment	Contamination, tainting	“Pollution must be removed to ensure the water is clean.”	Noun
Filtrate	The liquid that has passed through a filter	Extract, filtered water	“The filtrate is ready for treatment after being purified.”	Noun
Drains	Pipes that carry away excess water or waste	Sewers, gutters	“The water is initially collected through household drains.”	Noun
Disposal	The act of getting rid of waste or unwanted substances	Removal, discard	“Proper disposal of chemicals is necessary during water treatment.”	Noun
Filtration	The process of removing impurities from water or air	Purification, screening	“The water is sent through a filter to remove impurities.”	Noun
Potable	Safe to drink	Drinkable, consumable	“After treatment, the water becomes potable.”	Adjective
Germ-free	Free from harmful microorganisms	Sterile, disinfected	“The chemical treatment makes the water germ-free.”	Adjective
Treatment	The process of improving the quality of water or other substances	Purification, cleansing	“The water undergoes chemical treatment at the plant.”	Noun
Harvesting	The act of collecting rainwater or crops	Collection, gathering	“Rainwater is harvested and sent to the filter for purification.”	Noun

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